Samburu National Game Reserve

Samburu National Reserve is one of Kenya’s lesser-known but most spectacular wildlife reserves, located in the northern part of the country along the banks of the Ewaso Ng’iro River. Spanning over 165 square kilometers, the reserve offers rugged and semi-arid landscapes that stand out from Kenya’s more common savannah scenery. Samburu is rich in wildlife, including species unique to this region, and is known for its distinct cultural and natural attractions. The local Samburu people, closely related to the Maasai, also contribute to the cultural richness of the area. Samburu’s remoteness ensures a more intimate safari experience, with fewer tourists and a stronger sense of wilderness.

Wildlife

Samburu is famous for its diverse wildlife and is part of the greater Samburu-Buffalo Springs ecosystem. The reserve is home to the Samburu Special Five, a unique group of animals that are endemic to the northern region of Kenya. These are the Grevy’s zebra, reticulated giraffe, Beisa oryx, Somali ostrich, and the Gerenuk, an antelope known for standing on its hind legs to reach high branches. Large populations of African elephants are also a key attraction, and visitors can observe them bathing and drinking from the Ewaso Ng’iro River.

Other wildlife includes lions, cheetahs, leopards, buffalo, hippos, and crocodiles, making the reserve one of the best spots to see predators. Samburu is also a stronghold for endangered species like the wild dog and the rare Grevy’s zebra, providing visitors with an opportunity to see wildlife not often encountered in other parts of Kenya. The reserve is also home to smaller animals such as the dwarf mongoose, dik-dik, and bat-eared fox.

Scenery

The landscape of Samburu National Reserve is characterized by its dramatic and rugged beauty. The centerpiece of the reserve is the Ewaso Ng’iro River, which provides a lifeline for the wildlife, especially during the dry season. The river is lined with tall acacia trees, doum palms, and thick vegetation, creating a stark contrast to the dry, arid plains and rocky outcrops that dominate the rest of the reserve. The backdrop of the Koitogor Hills and Ololokwe Mountain adds to the breathtaking scenery, offering panoramic views of the reserve’s vast landscapes. The contrasting environments of riverine forests, volcanic rocks, and open savannah make Samburu an ideal location for scenic safaris.

Birds

Samburu National Reserve is a birdwatcher’s paradise with over 450 recorded bird species. The reserve is a key spot for endemic northern species, making it one of Kenya’s premier birding destinations. Notable species include the Somali ostrich, vulturine guineafowl, yellow-necked spurfowl, and white-headed buffalo weaver. Raptors such as the martial eagle, Verreaux’s eagle, and the Pygmy falcon are commonly seen, while the riverine areas attract species like the giant kingfisher, pied kingfisher, and Goliath heron. The cinnamon-breasted bee-eater and eastern yellow-billed hornbill add color to the reserve’s birdlife. Migratory birds are also present from November to April, enriching the diversity of species observed.

Weather and Climate

Samburu National Reserve experiences a semi-arid climate, with hot and dry conditions prevailing for most of the year. The average temperature ranges from 24°C to 30°C (75°F to 86°F), though temperatures can soar higher during the day and drop significantly at night. The reserve has two rainy seasons: the long rains from March to May and the short rains from October to December. The dry season, between June and October, is the best time to visit for wildlife viewing as animals gather around water sources, and the vegetation is less dense, improving visibility. The climate is generally hot and sunny, so light clothing, sunscreen, and hats are recommended.

Getting To Samburu National Game Reserve

Samburu National Reserve is accessible by both road and air. By road, the reserve is located about 345 kilometers (214 miles) north of Nairobi, and the drive takes approximately 5 to 6 hours. The most common route is via Isiolo, then northwards to the reserve. The roads are well-maintained, but a 4×4 vehicle is recommended, especially during the rainy season.

For those preferring to fly, there are scheduled flights from Wilson Airport in Nairobi to Samburu Oryx Airstrip, which serves the reserve. The flight takes about 1 hour. Upon arrival, travelers can take a short drive to their lodges or camps within the reserve.

Activities to Engage in Samburu National Game Reserve

Samburu National Reserve offers a variety of activities to suit different interests:

Game Drives: The most popular activity, game drives allow visitors to explore the reserve’s wildlife, including the Samburu Special Five. Early morning and late afternoon drives are ideal for spotting wildlife.
Bird Watching: With over 450 species of birds, the reserve is a haven for bird enthusiasts. Birdwatching safaris allow guests to discover both resident and migratory species.
Cultural Visits: Engage with the local Samburu community to learn about their rich traditions and way of life. Cultural visits include traditional dances, village tours, and an opportunity to purchase locally made crafts.
Guided Nature Walks: Walks with experienced guides offer a more intimate way to explore the reserve’s flora and smaller fauna, such as birds and insects.
Photography: Samburu’s diverse landscapes and rich wildlife make it an ideal location for photography. Capture images of the striking Samburu Special Five, or panoramic shots of the river and mountains.
Sundowner Excursions: Watch the stunning Samburu sunset while enjoying refreshments, a perfect way to end a day of safari.

Samburu National Reserve offers a unique and unforgettable safari experience, with its distinct wildlife, stunning scenery, and cultural heritage making it a must-visit destination in Kenya

Safety and Vaccination

Samburu National Reserve is generally a safe destination for tourists. The presence of park rangers ensures that visitors can explore the park safely, but it’s still essential to follow guidelines, particularly when encountering wildlife. Visitors should stay inside their vehicles during game drives unless in designated areas. Due to its semi-arid nature, the risk of contracting malaria in Samburu is lower than in wetter regions, but it’s still advisable to take antimalarials, especially if you’re visiting other areas of Kenya. Additionally, travelers should ensure they are up to date on standard vaccinations such as yellow fever, hepatitis A, and typhoid. It is also wise to carry insect repellent and avoid outdoor activities after dusk.

Park Rules

To protect the wildlife and ensure the safety of visitors, Samburu National Reserve enforces several rules:

Do not feed the animals: It disrupts their natural diet and behavior.
Stay inside your vehicle: Only alight in designated areas to avoid danger.
Drive only on designated roads: Off-road driving is prohibited to protect the fragile environment.
Do not litter: Always dispose of waste responsibly to preserve the park’s natural beauty.
Respect wildlife: Keep a safe distance from animals and do not provoke them.
No loud noises: Noise can disturb the animals and other visitors.
Obey the speed limit: This ensures the safety of both wildlife and tourists.